Abstract: Affected by factors such as monetary policy, geopolitical conflicts and the ongoing COVID-19, the macro-economy in 2022 showed a weakening trend after a brief economic recovery in 2021, and the pattern of maritime trade developed towards regionalization. As a result, the new shipbuilding market in 2022 showed an overall downward trend, with a year-on-year decline of 30.6%. Container ships, bulk carriers, oil tankers and offshore engineering vessels all showed downward trends, among them oil tankers showed the highest decline of 72.0%.Meanwhile, LNG carriers and Ro-Ro ships showed an upward trend, with an increase of 88.0% and 135.1%, respectively. Limited by the labor market and capacity adjustment of major shipbuilding domestic industries such as China and South Korea, the completion of shipbuilding in 2022 fell by 6.9% year-on-year. The orders at hand also decreased in 2022 with a decline of 7.5% year-on-year. Under the influence of environmental protection regulations, green fuel ships have developed rapidly, accounting for 44.5% of new ship orders, which becomes an important competitive area for shipbuilding countries. The global economic growth will continue to decline in 2023, which is expected to have a negative impact on the ship market. However, the high value-added ships such as LNG ships and green ships will continue to be popular. The global ship products will accelerate the development towards green and intelligent.

Key words: maritime trade, shipping market, new shipbuilding orders, the delivery, orders at hand, green fuel ships

摘要： 受货币政策、地缘政治冲突、疫情持续等影响,在经历了2021年的经济短暂复苏之后,2022年宏观经济呈现减弱趋势,海运贸易格局向区域化方向发展。受此影响,2022年新造船市场整体呈现下降趋势,同比下降30.6%。集装箱船、散货船、油船和海工呈下降趋势,油船降幅最高,达72.0%; LNG运输船、汽车滚装船呈上升趋势,增幅分别为88.0%和135.1%。受劳动力市场和中韩等主要造船国产业产能调整的限制,2022年造船完工量同比下降6.9%。2022年手持订单也呈现下降态势,同比下降7.5%。在环保法规影响下,绿色燃料船舶发展迅速,新船订单中绿色燃料船舶占比已达44.5%,成为造船国重要的竞争领域。2023年全球经济增长将继续下降,预期会对船舶市场造成不利影响,但LNG船等高附加值船舶、绿色船舶仍将持续火热,全球船舶产品将加快向绿色化、智能化方向发展。

关键词: 海运贸易, 航运市场, 新造船订单, 完工量, 手持订单, 绿色燃料船舶