Abstract: Major shipbuilding countries in the world have started the development of smart ships since the 21st century. Recently, efforts have been made to accelerate the strategic layout in the field of the smart ships. As an important industry competitive highland, the proper approach for the development of the smart ships that is suitable for the domestic shipbuilding industry can be formulated only by deeply understanding its connotation, fully recognizing its professionalism, complexity and difficulty, and clearly clarifying its development direction. The connotation of the smart ships is clarified, and the differences and difficulties of the shipbuilding industry compared with other industries are analyzed in detail. After the discussion of the necessity of the classification of the smart ships, it proposes a method and procedure for the definition of the classification of the smart ships based on the system engineering, explained further by taking the White Paper on the Development of Smart Ships as an example.

Key words: smart ship, digitalization, autonomous navigation, system engineering, self-learning, intension, class notation, white paper

摘要： 自21世纪以来,世界主要造船大国先后开始智能船舶的研制,近期更是在该领域加大加快推进战略布局。对于这重要的产业竞争高地,唯有深刻理解其内涵,充分认识其专业性、复杂性、艰巨性,明晰发展方向,方能制定出适合本国船舶工业的智能船舶发展路径。该文阐明了智能船舶的内涵,详细分析船舶行业智能化发展相较于其他行业的差异性和难点,重点论述了智能船舶分级的必要性,提出一种基于系统工程思维来进行智能船舶分级定义的方法和流程,并以《智能船舶发展白皮书》为例进行解释说明。

关键词: 智能船舶, 数字化, 自主航行, 系统工程, 自学习, 内涵, 分级, 白皮书