Abstract: The positioning speed of the life buoys equipped on the ship in case of a shipwreck plays a great role in the efficiency and even the success rate of rescue. It is important to grasp the hydrodynamic characteristics of life buoys in waves for the positioning speed of the life saving. In this paper, in order to improve the navigation speed of life buoys, the hydrodynamic characteristics of self-develped integral self-propelled buoys are investigated with different trim angle and navigation speed under the still water and regular waves by numerical method. It is found that the drag force on self-propelled floats in still water and regular waves increases nearly linearly with the increase of sailing speed, and the drag force on regular waves is generally larger than that in still water. The motion response of a self-propelled float is further induced by the increase of the high-pressure region, the emergence of the low-pressure region, and the alternation of high- and low-pressure regions around the float by wave action. The motion response of the self-propelled floats is greatly affected by the draft, and the longitudinal oscillatory motion of the floats is more pronounced at smaller and larger initial drafts, while the vertical oscillatory motion of the self-propelled floats is more and more pronounced as the draft increases. The conclusions of the study can provide the necessary data support for the research and development of self-propelled floats.

Key words: mechanical properties, flow field characteristics, motion response, regular wave, computational fluid dynamics(CFD)

摘要： 发生海难时,船舶配备的救生浮体就位速度对救援效率和成功率起着很大的作用,而救生浮体在波浪中的水动力性能对其就位速度又有着至关重要的影响。该文针对自主研发的整体式自航浮体,从提高速度角度出发,采用数值方法研究浮体以不同尾倾角度和航速在静水和规则波中航行的水动力学性能。研究结果发现：自航浮体在静水和规则波中受到的阻力随航行速度增加近乎呈线性增大,且在规则波中受到的阻力普遍大于静水中的。自航浮体的高压区增大、低压区的出现以及波浪作用浮体周围高低压区交替出现,会进一步引起浮体的运动响应。自航浮体的运动响应受吃水影响大,初始吃水较小或较大时,浮体的纵摇运动更加明显,而自航浮体的垂荡运动是随着吃水增大而愈发显著。研究结论可为自航浮体的研发提供必要的数据支撑。

关键词: 力学特性, 流场特性, 运动响应, 规则波, 计算流体力学（CFD）