Abstract: High-precision localization of pipeline damage using acoustic emission technology in the marine environment remains challenging. A hybrid path optimization-based localization method for structural damage source localization is proposed. First, the short-time Fourier transform (STFT) maps acoustic signals into the time-frequency domain, with K-means cluster grouping signals to separate different damage sources. Subsequently, the ROTH dual-weighted cross-correlation algorithm is employed to accurately estimate the time difference of acoustic wave arrivals at sensors under strong noise conditions, extracting temporal characteristics of the acoustic waves. Next, an initial propagation path is generated via the Rapidly-exploring Random Tree (RRT) algorithm, and further optimized through an improved D* dynamic path optimization algorithm to determine the optimal propagation path. Finally, acoustic emission source locations are calculated by using hyperbolic equations and weighted least squares based on geometric localization methods. Experimental results demonstrate that this method can accurately locate the structural damage source in complex environments, significantly outperforming traditional approaches.

Key words: acoustic emission source localization, signal separation, ROTH dual-weighted cross-correlation, dynamic path optimization, geometric localization

摘要： 在海洋环境中,传统方法较难利用声发射技术实现管道损伤的高精度定位。该文提出一种针对海洋管道结构损伤源识别的混合路径优化定位方法：首先,利用短时傅里叶变换将信号映射到时频域,并通过K-means聚类算法对信号进行分组,实现不同损伤源信号的分离;随后,采用ROTH双加权互相关算法,在强噪声条件下估算声波到达传感器的时间差,提取声波的时间特征;接着,通过快速搜索随机树（rapidly-exploring random tree,RRT）算法生成初始传播路径,并借助改进的D*动态路径优化算法,规划出最优传播路径;最后,基于几何定位方法,通过双曲线方程和加权最小二乘法计算声发射源位置。实验结果表明,该方法在复杂环境中,准确定位结构损伤源,且显著优于传统方法。

关键词: 声发射源定位, 信号分离, ROTH双加权互相关, 动态路径优化, 几何定位