The transient vibration of the crankshaft and the coupling characteristics of the bearing lubrication are studied in this paper. The overall finite element modeling of the crankshaft is established based on the finite beam element method. The lubrication characteristics of the dynamically loaded sliding bearing with consideration of the effect of journal misalignment are calculated by the finite difference method. A general and fast modeling and calculation method is proposed to achieve the parametric modeling of the overall system of piston-connecting rod-crankshaft-oil film-bearing. The dynamics of the crankshaft and the lubrication characteristics of the main bearing of the 4102 diesel engine are studied. The elastohydrodynamic lubrication of the crankshaft-bearing system is calculated and analyzed by using the dynamic deformation calculation method rather than the flexibility matrix method.