The multifunctional buffer station is a key operational equipment in the integrated deployment deep-sea mining system. The rationality of its structure is particularly important for the normal operation of the entire deep-sea mining operation system. Before processing and manufacturing, it is necessary to perform structural analysis and optimization work on its structure to improve system safety. Taking the multifunctional buffer station in the integrated deployment deep-sea mining system as the research object, the strength calculation and analysis of the main frame structure of the multifunctional buffer station are carried out using finite element software. Topological optimization is carried out using Optistruct software, and the corresponding structure is optimized and improved based on the topological optimization results. The strength calculation and review of the optimized structure are carried out. The overall weight of the main frame of the optimized multifunctional buffer station is decreased by 30%, the maximum equivalent stress is decreased by 25.6%, and the strength requirements are satisfied under working load, providing a reference basis for the manufacturing of the buffer station prototype.