To enhance the stability and safety of the underwater structure of the submersible pressure hull, this study focuses on its multi-objective optimization design, aiming to achieve a synergetic improvement of quality, strength and stability. The parametric analysis process is used to analyze the initial ring-stiffened pressure shell scheme, using the optimal Latin hypercube sampling method to explore the influence of design variables on target responses. A high-precision response surface model and a multi-objective optimization model are also established, thereby enabling the multi-objective optimization of the pressure hull using the NSGA-II genetic algorithm. The results show that among the four optimized schemes, the weight of scheme A and scheme C is reduced by 7.3 kg and 6.6 kg, respectively, while the ultimate strength of scheme B and scheme D is increased by 0.177 MPa and 0.031 MPa, respectively. It is confirmed that the multi-objective optimization method integrating response surface models and genetic algorithm can effectively improve the performance of submersible pressure hull. It can provide a valuable reference for the design of deep-sea exploration equipment.