Mud system is an important part of the ocean drilling ship. The design of mud system often faces many problems, such as system equipment, difficult parameter matching, low drilling efficiency and safety, which directly affect the effect of the ocean drilling. Based on the demonstration of the mud requirements for the ocean drilling ship, this article analyzes the technical process of the high-pressure mud system, mud mixing system, mud storage and transfer system, mud process system, bulk storage and transfer system and high-pressure cementing system. The regional planning principles of the mud system are put forward to rationally plan the mud pump room, mud tank and mud processing area to form the arrangement plan of the mud system that is suitable for the target ship type. A reasonable selection of the mud equipment is made to form the configuration scheme of the mud system based on the functional requirements of the mud technical process. It can provide basis for the engineering design of the ship.