With the increasing depletion of global land resources, deep-sea mineral resources have gradually attracted global attention. Countries have intensified their investment in order to seize this field. As one of the important supports for mining, the research and development of deep-sea mining water surface support systems have significant engineering application significance. This article aims to study and explore the overall scheme design of the water surface support system for deep-sea mining, in order to meet the requirements of efficient, safe, and environmentally friendly deep-sea mining design. This article analyzes various aspects of the mining water surface support system, comprehensively considers factors such as the speed, seaworthiness, mining efficiency, and long-term stable operation of the water surface support system. Through reasonable selection and layout, the overall design scheme of the mining water surface support system is finally formed to adapt to the operational environment and requirements. This article has certain reference significance for the overall design of the deep-sea mining water surface support system, which can be used as a reference for related design work.