关键词: 海洋大科学计划, 海洋科学前沿需求, 海洋科考, 新质装备技术

Abstract: In the current era of major maritime strategies, the development of grand ocean science programs is becoming an important pathway for the advancement of ocean science. The international community has accumulated considerable experience in implementing such programs, but they face challenges such as insufficient support from high-tech equipment, inadequate research funding, and slow progress in international cooperation. Supported by policies for building a strong maritime country and advancing deep-sea science and technology, China has made certain progress in ocean science research. However, in the future, it will face challenges arising from extreme environments, integrated long-term three-dimensional scientific expeditions, and system integration. Therefore, it is essential to focus on the "four poles" of scientific research—extreme macroscopic, extreme microscopic, extreme environments, and extreme interdisciplinary integration—develop novel ocean technologies and domains, strengthen independent innovation and high-level international cooperation, and use high-tech research equipment as a driver to support future large-scale science programs in key areas.

Key words: grand ocean science program, frontiers of ocean science, oceanographic expedition, novel equipment technology