Abstract: A three-dimensional model of propeller and shafting has been established to study the influence of the elastic effect of the marine propeller on the hydrodynamic performance and structural characteristics. Taking two materials of nickel aluminum bronze alloy and glass fiber as the representatives of “rigid propeller” and “elastic propeller”, respectively, the two-way fluid structure interaction (FSI) of the propellers of these two materials is calculated in a uniform flow field. The hydrodynamics characteristics such as the fluctuation pressure, blade pressure distribution and propulsion performance, and the structural characteristics such as the blade deformation and maximum equivalent stress are compared and analyzed. The results show that the elastic effect of the blade increases the fluctuation pressure in the flow field, resulting in more uniform pressure distribution of the blade and reduction of the thrust and torque, but the propulsion efficiency varies at different advance speeds. At the same time, the elastic effect of the blade increases the blade deformation and reduces the maximum equivalent stress. This study can provide references for the propeller performance calculation and the vibration and noise reduction design of the stern for larger ships, especially for ships with long shafting and large skew propellers and underwater vehicles.

Key words: elastic propeller-shaft, two-way fluid structure interaction, hydrodynamic performance, fluctuation pressure

摘要： 为研究船舶螺旋桨的弹性效应对水动力性能和结构特性的影响,建立螺旋桨和轴系的三维模型,以镍铝青铜合金和玻璃纤维2种材质作为“刚性桨”和“弹性桨”的代表,在均匀流场中将2种材料的螺旋桨进行双向流固耦合计算,对比分析了其脉动压力、桨叶压力分布、推进性能等水动力性能,以及桨叶变形和最大等效应力等结构性能。结果表明：桨叶的弹性效应增大流场脉动压力,使桨叶压力分布更加均匀,降低推力和扭矩,但不同进速下的推进效率变化不一;同时,桨叶弹性效应增大桨叶的形变,降低其最大等效应力,可为大型船舶尤其是采用长轴系、大侧斜桨的舰船以及水下航行器的螺旋桨性能计算和船尾部减振降噪设计提供借鉴。

关键词: 弹性桨-轴, 双向流固耦合, 水动力性能, 脉动压力