Abstract: The icebreaker needs to adjust the ship's longitudinal attitude to accomplish icebreaking during missions. To accomplish the rapid longitudinal adjustment of the ship, a multi-medium method is adopted to complete the ballast/deballast process for the fore and aft tanks. The ballast process is based on a hybrid method using ballast pumps and gravity flooding, while the deballast process is based on a hybrid method using ballast pumps and air compressors. For the ship's ballast/deballast system, a network model for the longitudinal attitude adjustment is established based on the designed multi-medium ballast/deballast method, considering both the fore and aft tanks. Simulation analysis shows that compared with the pure ballast pumps, the multi-medium method increases the ballast process speed by 4% and the deballast process speed by 25.6%. The multi-medium ballast/deballast method can greatly shorten the time required for rapid longitudinal attitude adjustment for icebreakers, thereby enhancing their operation flexibility.

Key words: longitudinal attitude adjustment, ballast/deballast system, resistance calculation, multi-medium hybrid method

摘要： 破冰船在执行任务过程中需要调整纵向姿态以实现破冰。为实现船舶纵向姿态的快速调整,该文采用多介质形式完成艏舱和艉舱的压排载过程,其中压载过程基于压载泵及重力浸水混合方式,排载过程则基于压载泵与空压机混合方式。以某船压排载系统为例,考虑艏舱和艉舱,并基于所设计的多介质压排载方式建立纵向姿态调整管网模型。通过仿真分析可知,相比于纯压载泵形式,采用多介质形式可以使压载过程速度提升4.0%,排载过程速度提升25.6%。基于多介质的压排载方式可以显著缩短破冰船纵向姿态快速调整时间,从而提升破冰船执行任务的灵活性。

关键词: 纵向姿态调整, 压排载系统, 阻力计算, 多介质混合方案