Abstract: This article summarizes the four main stages of the development of international ocean scientific drilling: deep sea drilling project, international ocean drilling program, integrated ocean drilling program and international ocean discovery program, and introduces the main scientific achievements obtained during each stage. China also participated in the above stages, leading four voyages across three ocean scientific drilling projects, and achieved a series of scientific achievements in the South China Sea. The development of international ocean scientific drilling is closely related to the development of ocean drilling vessels. The development of worldwide ocean scientific drilling equipment is chronologically introduced with a focus on the technical characteristics of China's first ocean scientific drilling vessel, the “Mengxiang”. Finally, the development of the ocean scientific drilling technology is analyzed based on the development history of the ocean drilling and the update and iteration of the ocean drilling vessels. It can provide references for the development of the international ocean scientific drilling.

Key words: ocean drilling vessels, international ocean drilling program, trends in technological advancements

摘要： 目前,国际大洋科学钻探共经历了4个主要阶段：深海钻探计划、国际大洋钻探计划、综合大洋钻探计划、国际大洋发现计划,各阶段均取得了重要科学成果。其中,我国先后主导了3个计划（4个航次）的大洋科学钻探,并在南海取得了一系列科学成果。国际大洋科学钻探的发展阶段与大洋钻探船的发展息息相关,该文按照时间顺序介绍了国内外大洋钻探船的发展历程,重点介绍了我国首艘大洋钻探船“梦想”号的技术特点,并结合大洋科学钻探发展历程与大洋钻探船更新迭代规律,分析了大洋科学钻探技术发展趋势,为相关领域的科学研究提供了参考。

关键词: 大洋钻探船, 国际大洋钻探计划, 技术发展趋势