Abstract: With more and more heated resource and rights activities in the Antarctic and Arctic regions around the world, the polar regions have become a hot spot. China’s 14th Five-year Plan and the new national polar strategy have put forward an urgent demand for new polar equipment. In this paper, the navigation of “Xuelong” and “Xuelong 2” polar icebreakers in recent years was introduced, and the urgent need to build China's polar heavy icebreakers according to the needs of China's exploration in the Antarctic and Arctic regions is put forward. In addition, the configuration characteristics of the latest power propulsion system are analyzed based on typical heavy polar icebreakers abroad, and the capacity, cold resistance capacity and power type of heavy icebreakers in China are also discussed in the paper.

Key words: heavy icebreaker, ice-breaking ability, cold-resistant ability, power propulsion form

摘要： 随着世界各国对于南北两极地区资源与权益活动的争夺进一步升温,极地越发成为关注热点。中国“十四五规划”及国家新的极地战略方针,对新的极地装备提出了迫切需求。文中介绍了“雪龙”号和“雪龙2”号极地科考破冰船近几年的航行情况,并结合我国南北极考察使用需求,提出了我国亟须建设极地重型破冰船的迫切要求;同时选取国外典型极地重型破冰船,分析了最新动力推进系统配置特点,提出对我国重型破冰船的破冰能力、防寒能力及动力形式建设的建议。

关键词: 重型破冰船, 破冰能力, 防寒能力, 推进形式