Abstract: The polar region has great economic and technological value, and helicopters have played an important role in China’s previous scientific expeditions in the North and South Pole. In order to lead the development of helicopter technology for polar environment, the helicopter usage scenarios and key technical requirements are established by analyzing the geographical and meteorological environment of polar region and the mission profile, and the connotation of each key technology and future development are studied and analyzed. It is the future development that the helicopter can adapt to the complex geographical, meteorological and extreme low temperature environment in polar regions, and achieve autonomous support in polar depopulated zone by focusing on the development of key technologies such as take-off and landing in ice and snow, flight in complex environments, anti-ice and rainproof, low temperature use, heating and insulation in the cabin.

Key words: polar region, complex geographical and meteorological environment, autonomous support, low temperature, helicopter

摘要： 极区具有重大的经济和科技价值,直升机在我国历次南北极科考活动中发挥了重要作用。为牵引适用于极区环境的直升机技术发展,该文通过分析极区地理气象环境、我国直升机在极区的任务剖面,构设了直升机使用场景和关键技术需求,并研究分析了各项关键技术的技术内涵和未来发展方向。通过重点发展冰雪地起降、复杂环境飞行、防冰防雨、低温使用、舱内加温保温等关键技术,使直升机能适应极区复杂地理气象环境、极端低温环境,并能在极地无人区进行自主保障,是未来发展的方向。

关键词: 极区, 复杂地理气象环境, 自主保障, 低温, 直升机