Abstract: The applicable rules of nuclear-powered icebreakers at home and abroad are introduced from the design requirements of icebreakers. And the key points of icebreaker design rules are analyzed from polar risks such as low temperature, excessive ice and remote geographical location. Firstly, the definitions of low-temperature environment in different classification society rules have been compared, and the design points of winterization rules are interpreted from the aspects of engine intake, cold protection for liquid tank and escape passage. Secondly, the relevant requirements of the general arrangement are sorted out from the requirements of fire safety, nuclear safety and winterization. The influence of icing on the requirements of intact stability, riding ice stability and damaged stability in rules are also summarized. Finally, the strength check rules of ice class rudder system and ice class propeller are analyzed. The above comparison and analysis of rules can provide references for future design of nuclear-powered icebreakers with practical significance.

Key words: nuclear-powered icebreaker, design rule, winterization design, general arrangement, stability, mechanical device

摘要： 该文从破冰船的设计需求出发,介绍了核动力破冰船适用的规范,并从极地低温、多冰以及地理位置偏远等风险要素分析破冰船设计规范的要点。首先对比不同船级社规范关于低温环境的定义,并从主机进气、液舱防冻以及脱险通道等方面解读防寒规范的设计要点;其次从防火安全、堆舱安全和防寒防冻要求,梳理总布置的相关要求;同时总结了结冰对完整稳性的影响、骑冰稳性以及破舱稳性等规范要求;最后对冰级舵系和冰级轴桨的强度校核规范进行分析。通过对以上规范的总结和对比,为今后核动力破冰船的设计研发提供规范参考。

关键词: 核动力破冰船, 设计规范, 防寒设计, 总布置, 稳性, 机械装置