Abstract: The effect of moving slamming load represents a long-standing issue in the design of marine structures against slamming, which has not yet been fully accounted for. Extensive full-scale measurements and model tests indicate that the peak slamming pressure region can move rapidly along the structural surface, exhibiting distinct load migration characteristics. However, current structural design methods and classification society rules usually simplify slamming loads as a uniformly distributed pressure, without fully accounting for the effect of load migration on the structural dynamic response. Focusing on moving slamming loads of hull structures, this paper briefly reviews advances in relevant experimental observations, dynamic response analyses, and engineering design methods. First, the formation and engineering background of moving slamming loads are introduced. Typical research findings obtained from full-scale measurements, model tests, and hydroelastic tests are summarized, and the influence of load migration on the response characteristics of grillage structures is analyzed. Subsequently, the fundamental concept and derivation of equivalent design pressure are elaborated. The equivalent design pressure method for moving slamming loads based on the dynamic-static equivalence principle and its analytical models are highlighted. Finally, the applicability, key influencing factors, and engineering application prospects of this method are discussed. Studies show that considering the load migration effect is of great significance for reasonably evaluating the slamming response of hull structures and developing design methods that balance physical rationality and engineering practicality.

Key words: moving slamming load, structural slamming-resistant design, equivalent design pressure, analytical model

摘要： 移动砰击载荷效应是船舶海洋结构抗砰击设计中长期存在却尚未得到充分考虑的问题。大量实船测试和模型试验表明,砰击压力峰值区域可沿结构表面快速传播,表现出明显的载荷迁移特征。然而,现行结构设计方法及船级社规范通常将砰击载荷简化为均布压力处理,没有充分考虑载荷迁移对结构动力响应的影响。围绕船体结构移动砰击载荷问题,该文简要回顾了相关实验观测、动力响应分析及工程设计方法的发展：首先介绍移动砰击载荷的形成及其工程背景,总结实船测试、模型试验及水弹性试验中获得的典型研究成果,分析载荷迁移对板架结构响应特征的影响规律;随后阐述等效设计压力的基本概念及其推导过程,重点介绍基于动力-静力等效原理建立的移动砰击载荷等效设计压力方法及其解析模型;最后讨论该方法的适用性、主要影响因素及工程应用前景。研究表明,考虑载荷迁移效应对于合理评估船体结构砰击响应,以及建立兼顾物理合理性与工程实用性的设计方法具有重要意义。

关键词: 移动砰击载荷, 结构抗砰击设计, 等效设计压力, 解析模型