Abstract: With the increasing depletion of global land resources, deep-sea polymetallic nodules, as a potential and abundant mineral resource, have attracted widespread international attention. This paper systematically elaborates on the operational process and equipment composition of deep-sea polymetallic nodule mining, reviews the progress of domestic and foreign experimental activities in the field of deep-sea polymetallic nodule mining, and focuses on sorting out the key equipment and technologies applied or developed globally in aspects such as deep-sea mining platforms, underwater collection systems, mineral lifting systems, and environmental monitoring systems. After analyzing the gap in the development of domestic equipment technology, this paper puts forward targeted suggestions, aiming to promote the development of China’s deep-sea polymetallic nodule mining equipment technology, in order to realize the development and utilization of deep-sea mineral resources.

Key words: deep-sea mining, polymetallic nodules, mining sea trial, mining equipment, technological development

摘要： 随着全球陆地矿产资源的日益枯竭,深海多金属结核作为一种潜在且丰富的矿产资源,受到了国际社会的广泛关注。该文系统阐述了实施深海多金属结核开采的作业流程及装备组成,综述了国内外在该领域的试验活动进展,以及在深海采矿平台、水下采集系统、矿物提升系统、环境监测系统等方面装备技术研发应用情况,分析了国内装备技术发展相较于国外的差距,并提出了针对性建议。该文旨在推动我国深海多金属结核开采装备技术的发展,以实现深海矿产资源的合理开发和利用。

关键词: 深海采矿, 多金属结核, 采矿海试, 开采装备, 技术发展