Abstract: During the 14th Five-Year Plan period, driven by multiple positive factors including a restart of the market cycle and a recovery in external demand, the global offshore engineering equipment market steadily recovered. As international energy prices bottomed out and rebounded, the product structure shifted significantly: floating production equipment became the market focus, offshore wind power orders emerged as a new growth driver, and prices for offshore support vessels continue to rise under capacity constraints. Looking ahead to the 15th Five-Year Plan period, fossil energy is expected to regain prominence as the global energy landscape undergoes profound adjustments. Non-market factors, such as great-power competition and geopolitics, alongside supply-demand fundamentals, will continue to influence energy prices. Consequently, demand for offshore oil and gas equipment orders remains robust, while long-term potential in offshore wind power, other marine renewables, and innovative marine structures continues to hold promise. This paper reviews the recovery and evolution of the global offshore market during the 14th Five-Year Plan period, analyzes the underlying shifts in supply and demand dynamics, and discusses the sector’s development path for the 15th Five-Year Plan period in the context of the ongoing global energy transition, to provide insights for the industry’s high-quality development.

Key words: offshore engineering equipment, offshore oil and gas, offshore wind power, energy transition

摘要： “十四五”期间,在市场周期重启、外部需求复苏等多重利好因素叠加作用下,全球海工装备市场稳步复苏。随着国际能源价格触底反弹,海工产品结构显著变化：浮式生产装备成为市场焦点,海上风电订单成为新增长点,海工船舶价格也在产能约束下持续上涨。展望“十五五”,随着全球能源格局深度调整,化石能源将重回焦点,而大国博弈、地缘政治等非市场因素与供需关系也共同影响着能源价格。因此,未来海洋油气装备订单需求依然乐观,同时海上风电、海洋新能源及新型海洋装置的长期潜力依然可期。该文通过总结“十四五”期间全球海工市场的复苏特征与发展脉络,分析当前市场供需格局的深层变化,并结合全球能源变局的新趋势,探讨 “十五五” 时期海工市场发展路径,以期为产业高质量发展提供参考。

关键词: 海工装备, 海洋油气, 海上风电, 能源转型