Abstract: To meet the lightweight design requirements of ship composite structures, this paper proposes a multi-objective optimization method for composite laminate layup. The method integrates the NSGA-II algorithm with the micromechanical Voigt-Reuss model and classical lamination theory. Furthermore, a novel tiered constraint strategy, tailored to the loading characteristics of ship structures, is introduced for the first time in the industry, successfully achieving the multi-objective (dual-objective) optimization of laminate layups. Taking a 40-layer carbon-fiber laminate as an example, the optimized design achieves a 14.6% increase in stiffness and a 98% satisfaction rate of manufacturing constraints compared to conventional methods. Finite-element verification under clamped boundary conditions shows a 32% reduction in maximum stress and a 12% increase in the first-order natural frequency. The application of this method to a high-speed composite catamaran demonstrates that the optimized hull-girder design leads to a 10% reduction in deflection and a 15.6% decrease in the fiber stress utilization factor in longitudinal strength calculations. This study provides a valuable reference for advancing ply-optimization design techniques for ship composite structures.

Key words: ship composites, laminate layup optimization, NSGA-II algorithm, manufacturing constraints, lightweight design

摘要： 针对船舶复合材料结构轻量化的设计需求,该文提出一种基于NSGA-II优化算法、融合微观混合法则与宏观层合理论的复合材料多目标铺层优化方法;针对船舶结构受力特点,首次提出了一套与之匹配的算法分级约束策略,成功实现了复合材料层合板多目标（双目标）铺层优化设计。以40层碳纤维层合板为例,优化方案较常规方法刚度提升14.6%、制造约束满足率达98%;有限元验证表明,四边刚固条件下最大应力降低32%,1阶模态频率提高12%。将该方法应用于某型海上复合材料高速双体船的船体梁总纵强度计算,结果显示优化方案可取得挠度减少10%、纤维应力利用系数降低15.6%的显著效果。该研究为船舶复合材料铺层优化设计技术的发展提供了有价值的探索。

关键词: 船舶复合材料, 铺层优化, NSGA-II算法, 制造约束, 轻量化