Abstract: Self-propelled cutter suction dredgers feature large open slots at the bow and stern for equipment installation, giving them a hull form that is distinctly different from conventional merchant ships. Current loads constitute a major environmental force during their operation. This paper investigates the current load characteristics resulting from these large slots via computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. Two typical hull configurations—the positioning-bow type and the excavation bow type—are examined. Simulations are performed on a scaled model using the SST k-ω turbulence model to analyze the variation in current loads under flow incidence angles ranging from 0° to 180°. The results show that the large open slots create pronounced low velocity zones and vortices behind the hull, significantly increasing the current load coefficients. For instance, at a 180° flow angle, the longitudinal current load coefficient of the excavation-bow type is 122% higher than that of the positioning-bow type. The transverse current load coefficient peaks at a 90° flow angle, exceeding the values given in the OCIMF charts by 18% and 13% for the two hull types, respectively. This study reveals the relationship between hull configuration and flow field characteristics, providing theoretical support for the design of large self-propelled cutter suction dredgers.

Key words: self-propelled cutter suction dredger, current load, large open slots, computational fluid dynamics (CFD)

摘要： 自航绞吸挖泥船在船体首尾两端设计有大开槽以安装作业装备,其船型与一般的运输船有很大区别。流载荷是大型绞吸挖泥船作业时所受的主要环境载荷之一,该文采用计算流体动力学方法对定位艏型和挖掘艏型这两种典型船型进行了数值模拟研究,通过建立缩尺模型,选用SST k-ω湍流模型分析0° ~ 180°流向角范围内船体流载荷变化规律。研究结果表明：大开槽结构导致船体后方形成明显低速区与漩涡,使流载荷系数显著增大,其中挖掘艏型船在180°流向角时纵向流载荷系数较定位艏型船增加122%;横向流载荷系数在90°流向角时达到峰值,两种船型分别比OCIMF图谱值高出18%和13%。该文揭示了船体布置形式与流场特性的关联性,为大型自航绞吸挖泥船的设计提供了理论支持。

关键词: 自航绞吸挖泥船, 流载荷, 大开槽, 计算流体力学