The shipping industry, as a large carbon emitter, has attracted the attention of the international community. The International Maritime Organization (IMO) is the maker of carbon emission policies for the shipping industry and has successively issued a series of carbon emission reduction policies. The carbon emission policies of IMO in the last ten years have been reviewed. Based on the 2023 IMO Strategy on Reduction of GHG Emissions from Ships, the main influencing factors of key parameters corresponding to the mandatory measures in the current policies are studied, and typical sample ships are selected to calculate the key parameters, and to analyze the state-of-the-art and main problems of the carbon emissions from ocean-going vessels. The technological paths to address the mandatory parameters in the current shipping carbon emission reduction policies are explored based on the emissions of the shipping industry and the status of various technological paths, according to the Guidelines on Life Cycle GHG Intensity of Marine Fuels. It provides suggestions and references for the path selection and future technological development of the current shipbuilding industry to meet the IMO carbon emission policies.