Marine scientific research uses marine scientific research equipment to obtain ocean data, collect and analyze it, and obtain ocean physical, chemical, biological and geological characteristics, which is an important way for humans to understand the ocean. The article combs the main scientific research history, current situation and changing characteristics at home and abroad since the formation of modern marine science, and discusses the goals, characteristics, results and impact of marine scientific research at different stages on the development of marine science. A summary is made regarding the current status of the development of marine scientific research equipment, focusing on describing the development history and current situation of domestic and foreign marine scientific research vessels, marine observation platforms and survey equipment; the development trends of marine scientific research are discussed and analyzed from the aspects of scientific research equipment, scientific research forms, scientific research characteristics, etc. The current challenges of domestic marine scientific research are put forward, and finally relevant suggestions are put forward for the high-quality development of marine scientific research.

The polar region has great economic and technological value, and helicopters have played an important role in China’s previous scientific expeditions in the North and South Pole. In order to lead the development of helicopter technology for polar environment, the helicopter usage scenarios and key technical requirements are established by analyzing the geographical and meteorological environment of polar region and the mission profile, and the connotation of each key technology and future development are studied and analyzed. It is the future development that the helicopter can adapt to the complex geographical, meteorological and extreme low temperature environment in polar regions, and achieve autonomous support in polar depopulated zone by focusing on the development of key technologies such as take-off and landing in ice and snow, flight in complex environments, anti-ice and rainproof, low temperature use, heating and insulation in the cabin.