Abstract: Sloshing is an inevitable problem for the membrane-type liquefied natural gas (LNG) tank. The structural fatigue and failure inside the liquid tank may be caused by violent sloshing impact loads, resulting in leakage, fire and explosion of flammable and explosive liquid and thus incalculable loss. It is important to accurately predict the sloshing impact load for the safety assessment of the liquid tank. The sloshing of two different mediums (water and LNG) has been numerically calculated based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method. The sloshing impact loads of the two mediums (water and LNG) are analyzed to propose the feasibility of the sloshing test with water instead of LNG. A sloshing model test is then designed for a membrane-type LNG tank with water to establish a complete sloshing test system for the sloshing test with water. In the six degree-of-freedom sloshing test of the liquid tanks, the pressure distribution inside the liquid tank and the local pressure characteristics are tentatively analyzed by combing the single sensor with the clustered sensors, providing references for the structure design of the liquid tank.

Key words: sloshing, numerical calculation, test medium, sloshing model test, clustered sensors

摘要： 晃荡是薄膜型液化天然气（liquefied natural gas,LNG）液舱不可避免的问题,剧烈晃荡产生的冲击载荷有可能造成液舱内壁结构的疲劳和破坏,从而导致易燃液体的泄漏、火灾甚至爆炸,造成不可估量的损失,因此准确地预报液舱晃荡产生的冲击载荷,对液货舱的安全评估至关重要。该文基于计算流体力学软件对水和LNG这2种介质的液舱晃荡数值进行计算,分析其晃荡冲击载荷,提出由水介质代替LNG介质进行液舱晃荡试验的可行性。针对某薄膜型LNG液舱进行液舱晃荡试验设计,建立完整的液舱晃荡试验系统,开展介质为水的液舱晃荡试验。在六自由度液舱晃荡试验中采用单点压力监测和矩阵块压力监测相结合的方式,探索性地分析液舱内部压力分布以及局部压力特征,为液舱结构设计提供指导。

关键词: 液舱晃荡, 数值计算, 试验介质, 晃荡试验, 矩阵块