Abstract: A common problem faced in the construction of ship products is that the ship hull is made of steel structures while the superstructure is made of aluminum structures in order to reduce the ship weight and increase ship speed. The main hull and the superstructure are then welded to an aluminum-titanium-steel composite transition joint, respectively. In actual ship construction, the quality problem of the delamination of the steel-aluminum transition joint will bring great threats to the safety of the hull itself. The influence of welding heat on the steel-aluminum transition joint is studied in this paper. Firstly, the residual stress of the steel-aluminum transition joint is tested. And then the residual stress and the temperature field in the welding process of the steel-aluminum transition joint for the steel fence are calculated and analyzed by the finite element simulation method. The welding process of the steel-aluminum transition joint is also analyzed from two aspects of welding speed and welding current. The residual stress results agree well with those from the simulation results for the validity of the current simulation method. The results show that the faster the welding speed and the smaller the welding current, the lower the influence of the welding temperature..

Key words: steel-aluminum transition joint, weld, thermodynamic analysis

摘要： 船品建造中常遇到一个问题：为了减轻船的重量、提高航速,主船体采用钢质结构,上层建筑采用铝质结构。主船体及上层建筑与铝合金-钛-钢复合过渡接头分别进行焊接,在实际建造中出现了钢铝过渡接头分层的质量问题,极大危及了船体本身的安全。对此,文中开展了钢铝过渡接头热影响研究：首先进行了钢铝复合接头残余应力试验,然后对钢围栏型钢铝过渡接头焊接过程中的残余应力与温度场进行有限元仿真计算分析,并从两个焊接速度及焊接电流两个角度对钢铝过渡接头的焊接工艺进行分析。仿真结果与残余应力结果趋势吻合度较好,表明仿真方法可行,并且得到结论,即：焊接速度越快,焊接电流越小,焊接温度影响越低。

关键词: 钢铝复合接头, 焊接, 热力学分析