Abstract: As the core equipment for deep-sea aquaculture, the hydrodynamic research on ship-shaped aquaculture cages is crucial for ensuring their structural safety and farming reliability under extreme sea conditions. This paper systematically integrates the framework of "theoretical research-numerical simulation-model validation" used in the hydrodynamic study of ship-shaped aquaculture cages and reviews the relevant hydrodynamic analysis theories. The research status is reviewed from three aspects: hydrodynamic responses of the hull and mooring system, hull structural strength, and fluid-structure interaction effects of the netting. Furthermore, the key challenges in the hydrodynamic analysis of ship-shaped cages are analyzed: the complexity of multi-physics strong-coupling modeling, the accuracy-efficiency trade-offs in netting simulation, the bottlenecks in predicting nonlinear responses under extreme environments, and the lack of full-scale validation data. Finally, four future research directions are proposed: developing a multi-field wave-structure-mooring-netting interaction model, advancing the refined modeling technology for complex marine environments such as typhoons and internal waves, introducing intelligent algorithms to optimize the dynamic response of mooring systems, and developing hydrodynamic optimization and control technologies for intelligent submersible systems. This review provides theoretical support for the hydrodynamic mechanism research and engineering safety application of ship-shaped aquaculture cages.

Key words: deep and remote sea, aquaculture, ship-shaped aquaculture cage, hydrodynamic performance

摘要： 船型养殖网箱作为深远海养殖的核心装备,其水动力学研究对保障极端海况下的结构安全至关重要。该文系统整合船型养殖网箱水动力学研究中“理论研究-数值模拟-模型验证”的框架,梳理了相关水动力分析理论;围绕船体与系泊系统水动力响应、船体结构强度、网衣流固耦合效应这三大核心维度总结研究现状,进而指出多物理场强耦合建模复杂性、网衣模拟精度与效率失衡、极端环境非线性响应预测瓶颈、全尺度验证数据匮乏等关键挑战。最后提出未来4个研究方向：开发“波浪-结构-系泊-网衣”多场耦合模型、攻克“台风/内波”等复杂海洋环境的精细化建模技术、引入智能算法优化系泊动态响应,以及开发智能潜浮系统的水动力优化与控制技术。为船型网箱水动力机理研究及工程安全应用提供理论支撑。

关键词: 深远海, 养殖, 船型网箱, 水动力性能