Abstract: The optimization of ship resistance is an important method to reduce the fuel consumption and improve the ship energy efficiency. The wind resistance of container ships accounts for a much larger proportion than that of other ships, which is a nonnegligible important part. The installation of a fairing at the bow has a significant effect on the wind resistance of the container ship. The total resistance and the wind resistance of a fully loaded container ship sailing at the design speed are calculated by using the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) technology. The mechanism of the resistance reduction using the fairing is analyzed by studying the reduction of the wind resistance and the total resistance due to the fairing when facing the wind at different wind speeds. The fairing can guide the flow and delay the flow separation, which effectively reduces the pressure resistance between the front and rear of the ship. The reduction of the wind resistance due to the fairing is stable at about 40%. The reduction of the total resistance due to the fairing gradually increases with the increase of the wind speed, and the resistance reduction can reach 2.91% under the wind speed of scale 8. The results can provide references for the practical design application and resistance evaluation of the fairing of container ships.

Key words: container ship, resistance, fairing, computational fluid dynamics (CFD)

摘要： 船舶阻力优化是降低燃料消耗和提高船舶能效的重要方法,其中集装箱船的风阻占比远大于其他船舶,是不可忽视的重要部分。对集装箱船而言,在船首加装导流罩对降低风阻有显著的影响。该文以设计航速航行的满载集装箱船为研究对象,利用计算流体力学技术,计算了船舶总阻力和风阻力,研究在不同风速下,正迎风时导流罩对风阻力和总阻力的减少规律,分析了导流罩的减阻机制。导流罩具有导流和延缓流动分离的作用,可有效减小船舶前后的压差阻力。导流罩基于风阻的减阻效果稳定在40%左右;导流罩基于总阻力的减阻效果随风速的增大而逐渐增强,在8级风速下,减阻效果可达2.91%。研究结果能给集装箱船导流罩的实际设计应用和阻力评估提供参考。

关键词: 集装箱船, 阻力, 导流罩, 计算流体力学（CFD）