Abstract: The European Commission has proposed the “Fit for 55” draft to address the emission reduction goal of the shipping industry within the European Union (EU) through the market mechanism measures. In order to evaluate the taxes and fees that ships will need to pay in the EU region in the future, the components and influencing factors of the EU taxes and fees are discussed to propose three measures to reduce the EU taxes and fees. These three measures are compared and analyzed for the large container ships. The study shows that using low and zero carbon fuels is the trend for reducing carbon emissions in the future.

Key words: large container ship, market mechanism, “Fit for 55” package, EU carbon taxes and penalty, low/zero carbon fuel

摘要： 欧盟委员会提出了“Fit for 55”草案,以市场机制的措施应对欧盟区内航运业的减排目标。为评估今后船舶在欧盟区内需要缴纳的碳税及罚金,该文讨论了欧盟税费的组成及影响因素,提出3种降低欧盟税费的措施,并以大型集装箱船为研究对象,分别对3种措施进行了对比分析。研究表明：使用低碳或零碳燃料是未来降低碳排放的趋势。

关键词: 大型集装箱船, 市场机制, “Fit for 55”草案, 欧盟碳税及罚金, 低碳/零碳燃料