State-of-the-Art and Development of Marine SCR Technology

doi:10.19423/j.cnki.31-1561/u.2023.04.069

Abstract

Abstract: Marine selective catalytic reduction (SCR) technology is an efficient NO_X removal technology, which has been widely applied in shipbuilding industry. However, the marine SCR technology also needs to be adjusted with the continuous improvement of the environmental requirements and the changes in marine energy structure. Nowadays, most marine SCR technology uses Urea-SCR technology, which is greatly affected by impurities in the marine fuel oils and the temperature of the exhaust. The high level of sulfur and alkali metals in the marine fuel oils has significant toxicity on catalysts, limiting the use of marine SCR. The diesel engine that mainly used on ships determines the range of the temperature change of the exhaust, which finally affects the denitrification of the exhaust gas through the influence on the effect of urea hydrolysis to produce ammonia, the layout of the SCR rectors and the catalyst activity. The above situation indicates that the design of an LP-SCR system with exhaust gas heating will be an important direction of the design of the SCR for the ships using marine fuel oils as fuel. It is critical to find safe source or method of supplying ammonia with high production efficiency and precise control for the development of marine SCR systems. Improving the fuel quality and reducing the toxicity effect in the smoke can provide a foundation for the research and development of new low-temperature and anti-toxic catalysts. The low-carbon and zero-carbon fuels become a global trend due to carbon neutrality, resulting in different exhaust emissions after combustion and then the change of SCR control technology. The zero-carbon and low-carbon fuels have single and reducible composition, and have the potential to be SCR reducing agents. The integrated processing SCR technology that uses the fuels itself for NO_X removal will become an important direction for the development of marine SCR under the goal of carbon neutrality.

Key words: diesel engine, nitrogen oxides, after treatment, selective catalytic reduction(SCR)

摘要： 船用选择性催化还原（selective catalytic reduction, SCR）技术是1项高效的NO_X脱除技术,已经在船舶领域得到了广泛应用,但随着环保要求调整与能源结构的变化,船用SCR技术也需要相应调整。目前船用SCR多使用尿素-选择性催化还原（Urea-SCR）技术,此技术受船用燃料油中杂质及烟气排气温度影响较大。其中,船用燃料油中的硫（S）及碱性金属等物质含量高,对催化剂的毒副作用明显,限制了船用SCR的使用。船舶主要使用柴油机,决定了烟气排气温度变化区间,通过影响尿素水解产NH₃效果、SCR反应器布置形式及催化剂活性,最终影响尾气脱硝效果。上述现状表明,使用船用燃料油的船舶,带废气加热的LP-SCR系统设计将是SCR设计的重要方向;寻找产NH₃效率高及控制精确的安全NH₃源（或方式）,对于船用SCR系统发展也起到了至关重要的作用;提高燃料品质、降低烟气中毒副作用限制,可为研制发展船用新型低温、抗毒催化剂提供基础。由于碳中和目标,低碳、零碳燃料船舶将是全球趋势,使得燃烧后排气不同,进而导致SCR控制技术变化。零碳、低碳燃料组分单一且具有还原性,还具备作为SCR还原剂的潜力,因此利用燃料自身还原NO_X的一体化处理SCR技术,将成为碳中和目标下船舶SCR发展的重要方向。

关键词: 柴油机, 氮氧化物, 后处理技术, 选择性催化还原

CLC Number:

LIN Rui, PENG Jiajie, HE Tianzhi, WANG Shuxin, TONG Yuzhou, CHEN Yong, DAI Libo. State-of-the-Art and Development of Marine SCR Technology[J]. Ship & Boat, 2023, 34(04): 69-80.

林睿, 彭佳杰, 贺天智, 王树信, 童雨舟, 陈勇, 代黎博. 船用SCR技术现状及发展[J]. 船舶, 2023, 34(04): 69-80.

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