Abstract: To investigate the distribution and characteristics of slamming loads on a self-propelled jack-up wind turbine installation vessel (WTIV) during transit and preloading conditions, a three-dimensional hydrodynamic numerical tank model was established based on Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). The generation mechanism, time-history curves, and spatial distribution of slamming loads under operational sea states and two typical air gap conditions were obtained and analyzed. The results show that under transit (free-sailing) conditions, the peak slamming load increases with wave height and wave steepness, primarily depending on the water-entry velocity at the slamming point and the vessel's hull flare. During preloading operations, a trapped air cushion beneath the hull is significantly compressed and struggles to escape, leading to higher slamming loads at smaller air gaps. In the same region, slamming loads under beam seas are 6% to 14% higher than those under head seas, while also inducing a lateral horizontal load of approximately 300 t. The characteristics of slamming pressure obtained in this study provide critical references for the structural safety of similar vessels and safe operations during preloading conditions.

Key words: wind turbine installation vessel (WTIV), wave slamming, air cushion, 3D numerical tank

摘要： 为了探讨自航自升式风电安装船（wind turbine installation vessel,WTIV）在航行及预压升降工况下的砰击载荷分布规律及特性,该文基于CFD数值预报方法,建立了WTIV的三维水动力数值水池仿真模型,系统分析了作业海况及两种典型气隙状态下的砰击载荷产生机理、时历曲线及空间分布特征。结果表明,自由航行工况下的砰击载荷峰值随波高和波陡的增大而增加,其大小主要取决于砰击点的入水速度及船体剖面外飘程度。对于预压升降工况,由于船底形成的空气垫不易逃逸且被显著压缩,因此气隙越小砰击载荷越大。同一区域在遭遇横浪时的砰击载荷较迎浪工况增加约6% ~ 14%,同时会产生约300 t的整体侧向水平载荷。该研究获得的WTIV砰击压力特性,可为同类船舶结构安全性及预压升降工况的安全操作提供重要参考。

关键词: 风电安装船, 波浪砰击, 气垫, 三维数值水池