Abstract: Driven by the dual carbon goals of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality, the international shipping industry has placed higher demands on ship energy efficiency and full-scale ship performance evaluation methods, making the revision and development of relevant international standards a current research focus. This paper systematically reviews the progress of two key standards in the field of ship performance evaluation. First, it focuses on the publication and main revisions of the new version of ISO 15016:2025, Specifications for the assessment of speed and power performance by analysis of speed trial data, analyzing its core technical updates in wind and wave correction, shallow water correction, and water temperature and density correction. Second, it traces the ongoing development of the ISO 25817 standards, Evaluation of fuel consumption and propulsion performance in actual seas, which proposes a standardized method for evaluating ship performance and fuel consumption under real-world sailing conditions. By integrating onboard monitoring data with ship design data, it establishes a validation framework for ship propulsion performance covering both calm water and actual sea conditions, and specifies technical elements such as measurement requirements, data filtering and correction, and quality assessment. The analysis shows that ISO 15016:2025 introduces more refined correction methods and encourages the use of advanced sensors, which is expected to further improve the accuracy and comparability of speed trial data. ISO 25817 is dedicated to constructing an objective and verifiable system for evaluating ship energy efficiency, providing a technical pathway to achieve transparent benchmarking between design performance and operational performance. The coordinated advancement of these two standards signifies a paradigm shift in ship performance research from “experience” to “measurement” and from “delivery” to “operation”. It is recommended that future research be carried out in areas such as precise sensing of real-sea environments, standardized processing of ship monitoring data, and digital twins for full-scale ship performance.

Key words: ship performance, energy efficiency, ISO 15016:2025, ISO 25817, standardization

摘要： 在碳达峰、碳中和目标驱动下,国际航运业对船舶能效与实船性能评估方法提出了更高要求,相关国际标准的制修订成为当前研究热点。该文系统梳理了实船性能评估领域的两项关键标准进展：一是聚焦新版ISO 15016:2025《船舶与海上技术 通过分析测速试航数据以确定速度和功率性能的评估规范》,介绍其主要修订内容,分析其在风浪修正、浅水修正、水温与密度修正等方面的核心技术更新;二是追踪正在制定中的ISO 25817《实际海况下燃料消耗与推进性能评估》系列标准,该标准提出了基于实海域航行状态的船舶性能与油耗评估的标准化方法,通过融合船载监测数据与船舶设计数据,搭建涵盖静水与实海域环境下的推进性能验证框架,并对测量要求、数据筛选与校正、质量评估等技术要素作出规定。分析表明：ISO 15016:2025标准引入了更为精细化的修正方法,并鼓励使用先进传感器,有望进一步提升试航数据的精度与可比性;ISO 25817系列标准则致力于构建客观、可验证的实船能效评估体系,可为设计性能与营运性能的透明化对标提供技术路径。两项标准的协同推进标志着实船性能研究正在经历由“经验”向“实测”、由“交付”向“营运”的范式转型。文章建议后续围绕实海域环境精准感知、实船监测数据标准化处理、实船性能数字孪生等方向深入开展研究。

关键词: 实船性能, 能效, ISO 15016:2025, ISO 25817, 标准化